Cancer cells may be using electricity as a secret language

Hasini Jayatilaka: How cancer cells communicate -- and how we can slow them down · 10:22 · Video: TED · Watch at the source

In short: Your body is powered by bioelectricity, with cells in the heart and brain using precise electrical patterns to send signals. But researchers have discovered that breast cancer cells are also generating electrical activity, potentially coordinating their behavior and movement through the body in ways we are only beginning to understand.

The human body relies on bioelectricity to function. Cells maintain specific internal and external chemical environments, creating a voltage similar to a tiny battery. In the heart, brain, and nervous system, these voltages produce precise patterns of blinks, waves, and buzzes that allow for thought and sensation. However, for most healthy cells in the rest of the body, the membrane voltage remains static, meaning it does not fluctuate significantly.

A study led by Dr. Amanda Foust and Dr. Chris Bakal has revealed a startling exception: breast cancer cells exhibit fluctuating membrane voltages. Unlike healthy cells, these cancer cells change their voltage in predictable patterns. Researchers observed that these cells were more likely to 'blink' in unison rather than in isolation. In some instances, they even detected 'waves of flux' passing between neighboring cells, where one cell would blink followed by another in a sequential chain.

These findings suggest a mechanism for how cancer cells communicate and coordinate their movement throughout the body. While it is not yet definitive proof, Dr. Bakal suggests that cancer cells might be using these electrical signals as a form of language to synchronize their behavior. Dr. Foust remains more cautious, noting that while the patterns are significant, many questions remain about the exact meaning of these electrical signals.

Understanding this electrical communication offers a new frontier for medical intervention. If cancer cells use electricity to coordinate their spread and growth, interrupting these electrical signals could provide a novel way to halt their progression. This research shifts the focus from purely chemical signaling to the role of bioelectricity in oncology.

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