Decision theory

12 cards. Each one is a 40-second story with a five-minute read behind it.

  1. Should you choose the action that causes the best outcome?When faced with a choice, do you act based on what your decision will physically cause, or what your decision reveals about the world? While most people intuitively follow their g…
  2. The mathematical blueprint for a perfect artificial general intelligenceImagine an agent that can master any environment, from playing chess to navigating human society, simply by following a single mathematical rule. AIXI is a theoretical framework t…
  3. How to make the best guess when uncertainty is your only constantIn statistics, choosing the 'best' estimate isn't just about being right; it is about minimizing regret. The Bayes estimator provides a mathematical framework for this by balancin…
  4. Why adding a third option can fundamentally change your original choiceIf you prefer apple pie to blueberry, does the sudden arrival of cherry pie change your mind? In decision theory, this is known as the Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives. Whi…
  5. Why our brains often choose the cost of doing nothingWe are taught that hesitation leads to loss, yet we frequently stall when faced with critical choices. This paradox of inaction isn't just a lack of willpower; it is a complex psy…
  6. The hidden math behind why you choose to work instead of restHow do we decide how much time to spend earning a living versus enjoying our lives? This video explores the labor-leisure tradeoff, a fundamental microeconomic principle that expl…
  7. Why the pursuit of a single optimal decision is often a logical fallacy.In complex decision-making, we often seek the perfect choice. This video from MIT's Risk and Decision Analysis course explains why optimization is frequently an empty goal when ba…
  8. How to improve system performance by building flexibility into your design analysisThis video from MIT's Risk and Decision Analysis course demonstrates a three-step framework for evaluating design performance. By moving beyond standard deterministic models, you …
  9. Why structured decision analysis is essential for managing risk under deep uncertaintyThis video introduces the core advantages of using Decision Analysis as a framework for evaluating strategies. It explains how this structured approach helps leaders and analysts …
  10. Why smaller, modular designs often outperform massive economies of scale in risky projects.This video from the MIT course Risk and Decision Analysis examines why starting with a smaller, modular design is frequently more advantageous than pursuing traditional economies …
  11. How to refine your decision-making process as new information emerges over timeThis video from MIT's Risk and Decision Analysis course explores multistage decision analysis. It demonstrates how to systematically update your probabilities and choices as you o…
  12. How do we make rational decisions when the future remains entirely unknown?In this lecture from MIT's Principles of Microeconomics, Professor Jonathan Gruber explores the mathematical frameworks used to navigate uncertainty. Understanding how we weigh ri…

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