Google+ and the Network Effect
In short: Google launched Google+ in 2011 with Search, Gmail, YouTube and Android behind it, and consumers still stayed where their friends already were, until the network closed to consumers in 2019.
A 2:05 short film in the series “Being Social Online”, narrated by intellect_voice_01.
Sources used in this film: TechCrunch, “Google+ Project: It's Social, It's Bold, It's Fun, And It Looks Good — Now For The Hard Part”; Ars Technica (Condé Nast), “Google officially ends forced Google+ integration—First up: YouTube”; BBC News, “Google unlinking Google+ from YouTube”; eWeek, “Google Watch - Google+ - Google+ a Ghost Town of User Engagement?”; Google (The Keyword, official Google blog; Internet Archive copy dated 8 October 2018), “Project Strobe: Protecting your data, improving our third-party APIs, and sunsetting consumer Google+”; BBC News, “Google shuts failed social network Google+”; WIRED, “Google+ Identity Crisis: What's at Stake With Real Names and Privacy”; BBC News, “Google+ relaxes real name policy to allow pseudonyms”; Communications of the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery), opinion column by Danah Boyd, posted Aug 1 2012, “The Politics of ‘Real Names’”; Harvard Business School (Working Paper 21-086, Marco Iansiti), “Network Effects WP Version v2_38eeb5f7-3c65-450a-967e-2c510698d561.docx”; Boston University (author page of Marc Rysman); chapter by Bruno Jullien, Alessandro Pavan and Marc Rysman for the Handbook of Industrial Organization, July 2021, “Two-Sided-Market-Pricing-and-Network-Effects.pdf”; Imperial College Business School (Imperial College London), “Why did Google+ fail?”; Ars Technica (Condé Nast), “Google+ shutting down after data leak affecting 500,000 users”; Google (The Keyword blog), “Expediting changes to Google+”.
Sources used in this film
- TechCrunch — Google+ Project: It's Social, It's Bold, It's Fun, And It Looks Good — Now For The Hard Part · View →
- Ars Technica (Condé Nast) — Google officially ends forced Google+ integration—First up: YouTube · View →
- BBC News — Google unlinking Google+ from YouTube · View →
- eWeek — Google Watch - Google+ - Google+ a Ghost Town of User Engagement? · View →
- Google (The Keyword, official Google blog; Internet Archive copy dated 8 October 2018) — Project Strobe: Protecting your data, improving our third-party APIs, and sunsetting consumer Google+ · View →
- BBC News — Google shuts failed social network Google+ · View →
- WIRED — Google+ Identity Crisis: What's at Stake With Real Names and Privacy · View →
- BBC News — Google+ relaxes real name policy to allow pseudonyms · View →
- Communications of the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery), opinion column by Danah Boyd, posted Aug 1 2012 — The Politics of ‘Real Names’ · View →
- Harvard Business School (Working Paper 21-086, Marco Iansiti) — Network Effects WP Version v2_38eeb5f7-3c65-450a-967e-2c510698d561.docx · View →
- Boston University (author page of Marc Rysman); chapter by Bruno Jullien, Alessandro Pavan and Marc Rysman for the Handbook of Industrial Organization, July 2021 — Two-Sided-Market-Pricing-and-Network-Effects.pdf · View →
- Imperial College Business School (Imperial College London) — Why did Google+ fail? · View →
- Ars Technica (Condé Nast) — Google+ shutting down after data leak affecting 500,000 users · View →
- Google (The Keyword blog) — Expediting changes to Google+ · View →
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Sources
- Summary by Intellect · source: TechCrunch: Google+ Project: It's Social, It's Bold, It's Fun, And It Looks Good — Now For The Hard Part
- Also: Ars Technica (Condé Nast): Google officially ends forced Google+ integration—First up: YouTube
- Also: BBC News: Google unlinking Google+ from YouTube
- Also: eWeek: Google Watch - Google+ - Google+ a Ghost Town of User Engagement?
- Also: Google (The Keyword, official Google blog; Internet Archive copy dated 8 October 2018): Project Strobe: Protecting your data, improving our third-party APIs, and sunsetting consumer Google+
- Also: BBC News: Google shuts failed social network Google+
- Also: WIRED: Google+ Identity Crisis: What's at Stake With Real Names and Privacy
- Also: BBC News: Google+ relaxes real name policy to allow pseudonyms
- Also: Communications of the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery), opinion column by Danah Boyd, posted Aug 1 2012: The Politics of ‘Real Names’
- Also: Harvard Business School (Working Paper 21-086, Marco Iansiti): Network Effects WP Version v2_38eeb5f7-3c65-450a-967e-2c510698d561.docx
- Also: Boston University (author page of Marc Rysman); chapter by Bruno Jullien, Alessandro Pavan and Marc Rysman for the Handb: Two-Sided-Market-Pricing-and-Network-Effects.pdf
- Also: Imperial College Business School (Imperial College London): Why did Google+ fail?
- Also: Ars Technica (Condé Nast): Google+ shutting down after data leak affecting 500,000 users
- Also: Google (The Keyword blog): Expediting changes to Google+
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