Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumor, yet often remain silent for years.

Health · Published 3 October 2026 Swipe more like this →

In short: Meningiomas arise from the protective layers surrounding your brain and spinal cord. While they account for about one-third of all primary brain tumors, most are benign and slow-growing. Often discovered incidentally during unrelated scans, these tumors can remain symptomless for years, making early detection and monitoring essential for management.

A meningioma originates in the meninges, the thin, protective membranes covering the central nervous system. Because they typically grow slowly, many individuals live with these tumors without ever experiencing symptoms. When they do manifest, the effects are highly location-dependent, ranging from vision changes and headaches to seizures or personality shifts. While the majority—estimated at 80% to 85%—are benign, they are classified as primary brain or spinal tumors based on their proximity to those structures.

The exact cause of meningioma remains elusive, though several risk factors are well-documented. Age is a primary factor, with risk peaking in adults over 60. Women are affected more frequently than men, a disparity that has led researchers to investigate the potential role of hormones like estrogen and progesterone. Other established risks include prior radiation therapy to the head, particularly during childhood, and the rare genetic disorder neurofibromatosis type 2. While environmental concerns like cellphone use have been studied, current research has not established a consistent link.

Clinical management varies significantly based on the tumor's grade and behavior. Neuropathologists categorize these tumors into three grades: Grade 1 (low-grade, slow-growing), Grade 2 (atypical, mid-grade), and Grade 3 (anaplastic, malignant). While Grade 1 tumors are the most common, higher-grade variants are more aggressive and prone to recurrence. Treatment often involves surgical resection to remove as much of the mass as possible, sometimes followed by radiation or chemotherapy. Because even benign tumors can cause long-term complications like memory loss or balance issues, rehabilitation and regular MRI follow-ups are standard components of the recovery process.

General information, not professional advice. Spotted an error? Flag the card or see corrections and complaints.

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