Preeclampsia can turn into eclampsia in minutes, causing seizures.

Health · Published 5 November 2026 Swipe more like this →

In short: Preeclampsia, marked by high blood pressure and organ damage, can rapidly progress to eclampsia, causing seizures or coma. This life-threatening condition can develop during or after childbirth, underscoring the need for early detection and urgent medical care.

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder that occurs during pregnancy, typically after 20 weeks, and is characterized by high blood pressure and signs of organ damage, such as protein in the urine and swelling. If left untreated, it can progress to eclampsia, a severe form where seizures or coma occur due to disrupted brain function. This transition can happen rapidly, making early detection and intervention critical.

The pathophysiology of preeclampsia begins with abnormal placental development, where the blood vessels supplying the placenta do not form properly, limiting fetal blood flow. As a stress response, the placenta releases factors that disrupt maternal endothelial function, leading to widespread inflammation and systemic disease. These factors are believed to contribute to the development of preeclampsia and its complications, including eclampsia.

Preeclampsia is more common in first pregnancies and is associated with risk factors such as chronic hypertension, obesity, multiple pregnancies, and a family history of the condition. Symptoms may include proteinuria, facial and hand swelling, headaches, blurred vision, and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. In severe cases, it can lead to maternal organ damage, preterm birth, or even stillbirth. Eclampsia, a rare but life-threatening complication, can occur during or after delivery, emphasizing the need for close monitoring and timely treatment.

The primary treatment for preeclampsia is delivery, which usually resolves the condition. However, in some cases, symptoms may persist, requiring hospitalization for monitoring and medication to control hypertension and prevent seizures. Corticosteroids may be administered if delivery occurs before 37 weeks to support fetal lung development. The management of preeclampsia and eclampsia highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in maternal care.

General information, not professional advice. Spotted an error? Flag the card or see corrections and complaints.

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