The American Revolution was not fought for the freedom of all men
In short: While the Declaration of Independence promised equality, the American Revolution was primarily a struggle for white colonists. Liberty and justice did not extend to Black people, who fought on both sides of the conflict. Understanding this war requires looking beyond the lofty ideals to the reality of who actually gained freedom.
The American Revolution, spanning from 1775 to 1783, began as an insurrection by 13 North American colonies against the British crown. This conflict was fueled by a decade of growing tension, as Britain attempted to tighten control over colonial affairs after a long period of relative autonomy known as salutary neglect. Initially a civil war within the British Empire, the struggle evolved into an international conflict after France joined the colonies in 1778, followed by Spain in 1779. The Netherlands also provided financial support and official recognition, further complicating the geopolitical landscape.
Military operations were characterized by small field armies and a reliance on both the Continental Army and state militias. Despite the Continental Army receiving over 231,000 soldiers through state quotas, American forces rarely exceeded 20,000 troops at any single time. Maintaining these forces proved difficult due to colonial distrust of standing armies, the economic necessity of farming, and poor pay during periods of high inflation. Conversely, the British relied on a professional force of about 42,000 men, supplemented by approximately 30,000 German mercenaries, a decision that significantly deepened colonial resentment.
The narrative of the revolution is often framed by the ideals of liberty and equality, yet these principles were selectively applied. Black people, who were excluded from these promises, participated in the war on both sides, seeking their own paths to freedom. Scholars like Sylvia R. Frey, Woody Holton, and Cassandra Pybus have highlighted how the revolution was shaped not just by the elite, but by the resistance of enslaved people, debtors, and others whose contributions are frequently overlooked in traditional accounts of the founding of the United States.
Opens the Intellect+ feed with this card first. Swipe up for the next one.
Sources
- Summary by Intellect · source: The American Revolution: Crash Course Black American History #8
- Also: American Revolution | Causes, Battles, Aftermath, & Facts | Britannica
To cite this card, link to https://intellectplus.co.uk/app/ideas-the-american-revolution.
How we source, check and correct cards: Editorial standards.
General information, not professional advice. Spotted an error? Flag the card or see corrections and complaints.
Intellect Plus is a visual educational discovery platform for exploring fascinating facts and ideas. Brain Food, Not Brain Rot. What is Intellect Plus?
