Why do some innovation hubs thrive while others fail to sustain growth?

The secret paths of global knowledge transfer - with Cesar Hidalgo · 55:47 · Video: The Royal Institution · Watch at the source

In short: Physicist Cesar Hidalgo explores the scientific laws governing how knowledge moves across the globe. By analyzing patterns of time, space, and value, he explains why specific regions become economic hotspots and why certain technologies endure while others vanish.

Cesar Hidalgo, a scholar in economic complexity and applied artificial intelligence, argues that the spread of knowledge is not random but follows predictable patterns. His research examines why locations like Silicon Valley and Beijing's Zhongguancun succeed as innovation hubs, while other regions struggle to replicate that growth.

The lecture, recorded on 17 November 2025, investigates the mechanisms behind the exponential development of technologies like computing versus the obsolescence of products like Polaroid film. By mapping these movements, Hidalgo provides a framework for understanding the emergence of global centers for scientific and economic advancement.

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