Sorghum's genome map traces how grasses evolved
In short: Researchers who sequenced the roughly 730-megabase genome of sorghum, an African grass grown for food, feed, fibre and fuel, mapped almost all of its genes onto their chromosomes. Comparing this map with the genomes of rice and maize, they found that sorghum's genome grew far larger than rice's through accumulated repetitive DNA, and identified gene duplications that may relate to the plant's drought tolerance.
The comparison helps trace how grasses such as rice, maize and sorghum diverged and adapted, including clues to the genetic basis of C4 photosynthesis, an efficient carbon-fixing process in hot climates.
The team used whole-genome shotgun sequencing checked against genetic, physical and synteny data; as an initial analysis, it maps genes and patterns rather than testing what each gene actually does.
Why it matters: Comparing crop genomes can trace evolutionary history and point to genes that may underlie useful traits like drought tolerance.
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Sources
- Source: Research: Paterson et al. (2009). The Sorghum bicolor genome and the diversification of grasses. Nature. · cc-by-nc-sa
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