One Chain, Different Jobs: What These Energy and Gas Companies Actually Do
In short: A sourced, plain-language look at where Saudi Aramco, ExxonMobil, Shell, bp, QatarEnergy and Linde sit in the chain that turns oil, gas and air into products.
A 2:11 short film in the series “How Things Work”, narrated by intellect_voice_01.
Sources used in this film: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), “Refining crude oil - the refining process - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)”; U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), “Liquefied natural gas - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)”; Springer Science+Business Media (book chapter 'Cryogenic Distillation and Air Separation' by Jennifer Wilcox, Stanford University, in 'Carbon Capture', 2012), “Cryogenic Distillation and Air Separation”; Shell plc (Form 6-K filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission, March 2025, containing the Shell Annual Report and Accounts 2024), “6-K Annual Report and Accounts”; Exxon Mobil Corporation (Form 10-K filing on the U.S. SEC EDGAR system, sec.gov), Note 3 for the 12 months ended Dec. 31, 2025, “Exxon Mobil Corporation (Form 10-K filing on the U.S. SEC EDGAR system, sec.gov), Note 3 for the 12 months ended Dec. 31, 2025”; U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Department of Energy. Country Analysis Brief: Saudi Arabia, last updated October 4, 2024, “Country Analysis Brief: Saudi Arabia”; U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Department of Energy. Country Analysis Brief: Qatar, last updated October 20, 2025, “Country Analysis Brief: Qatar”; U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), “The 9th U.S. liquefied natural gas export terminal, Golden Pass, ships first cargo - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)”; Linde plc (2025 Annual Report incorporating its Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the U.S. SEC), “ef20071892_ars.pdf”; IOP Publishing (IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 595; paper by M Pintilie, A Șerban, V Popa and C L Popa, 2019, from the XXIInd National Conference on Thermodynamics, Ga…, “Design analysis of low pressure distillation column for cryogenic air separation”; BP p.l.c. (bp's own company announcement of 26 February 2025, republished on FT.com's markets data service; it is not independent FT journalism), “Growing shareholder value: a reset bp – Company Announcement - FT.com”.
Sources used in this film
- U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) — Refining crude oil - the refining process - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · View →
- U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) — Liquefied natural gas - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · View →
- Springer Science+Business Media (book chapter 'Cryogenic Distillation and Air Separation' by Jennifer Wilcox, Stanford University, in 'Carbon Capture', 2012) — Cryogenic Distillation and Air Separation · View →
- Shell plc (Form 6-K filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission, March 2025, containing the Shell Annual Report and Accounts 2024) — 6-K Annual Report and Accounts · View →
- Exxon Mobil Corporation (Form 10-K filing on the U.S. SEC EDGAR system, sec.gov), Note 3 for the 12 months ended Dec. 31, 2025 — Exxon Mobil Corporation (Form 10-K filing on the U.S. SEC EDGAR system, sec.gov), Note 3 for the 12 months ended Dec. 31, 2025 · View →
- U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Department of Energy. Country Analysis Brief: Saudi Arabia, last updated October 4, 2024 — Country Analysis Brief: Saudi Arabia · View →
- U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Department of Energy. Country Analysis Brief: Qatar, last updated October 20, 2025 — Country Analysis Brief: Qatar · View →
- U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) — The 9th U.S. liquefied natural gas export terminal, Golden Pass, ships first cargo - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · View →
- Linde plc (2025 Annual Report incorporating its Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, filed with the U.S. SEC) — ef20071892_ars.pdf · View →
- IOP Publishing (IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 595; paper by M Pintilie, A Șerban, V Popa and C L Popa, 2019, from the XXIInd National Conference on Thermodynamics, Ga… — Design analysis of low pressure distillation column for cryogenic air separation · View →
- BP p.l.c. (bp's own company announcement of 26 February 2025, republished on FT.com's markets data service; it is not independent FT journalism) — Growing shareholder value: a reset bp – Company Announcement - FT.com · View →
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Sources
- Summary by Intellect · source: www.eia.gov — Refining crude oil - the refining process - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
- Also: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA): Liquefied natural gas - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
- Also: Springer Science+Business Media (book chapter 'Cryogenic Distillation and Air Separation' by Jennifer Wilcox, Stanford U: Cryogenic Distillation and Air Separation
- Also: Shell plc (Form 6-K filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission, March 2025, containing the Shell Annual Report: 6-K Annual Report and Accounts
- Also: Exxon Mobil Corporation (Form 10-K filing on the U.S. SEC EDGAR system, sec.gov), Note 3 for the 12 months ended Dec. 31: Exxon Mobil Corporation (Form 10-K filing on the U.S. SEC EDGAR system, sec.gov), Note 3 for the 12 months ended Dec. 31, 2025
- Also: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Department of Energy. Country Analysis Brief: Saudi Arabia, last upda: Country Analysis Brief: Saudi Arabia
- Also: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Department of Energy. Country Analysis Brief: Qatar, last updated Oct: Country Analysis Brief: Qatar
- Also: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA): The 9th U.S. liquefied natural gas export terminal, Golden Pass, ships first cargo - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
- Also: Linde plc (Annual Report 2025 / Form 10-K, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission): ef20071892_ars.pdf
- Also: IOP Publishing (IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 595; paper by M Pintilie, A Șerban, V Pop: Design analysis of low pressure distillation column for cryogenic air separation
- Also: BP p.l.c. (bp's own company announcement of 26 February 2025, republished on FT.com's markets data service; it is not in: Growing shareholder value: a reset bp – Company Announcement - FT.com
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