Shale Gas: Getting Gas Out of Rock That Won't Let Go
In short: How shale gas is held in nanometre-scale pores of tight rock, how horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing release it, and how the US and England and Wales regulate the process differently.
A 2:06 short film in the series “How Things Work”, narrated by intellect_voice_01.
Sources used in this film: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), “Where our natural gas comes from - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)”; U.S. Department of Energy (Office of Fossil Energy glossary, 'Natural Gas from Shale: Questions and Answers', material dated around late 2012), “shale-gas-glossary”; British Geological Survey (BGS), part of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), “Shale gas in the UK - British Geological Survey”; U.S. Department of Energy, Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office, “Hydraulic Fracturing Technology”; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development, “Review of Well Operator Files for Hydraulically Fractured Oil and Gas Production Wells: Well Design and ConstructionReview of Well Operator Files for Hydraulically Fractured Oil and Gas Production Wells: Well Design and Construction”; United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), “Fact Sheet_Analysis of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Data from the FracFocus Chemical Disclosure Registry 1.0”; U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), “EIA - Natural Gas Pipeline Network”; U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), “Delivery and storage of natural gas - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)”; Energy & Fuels (American Chemical Society); authors Javadpour, Singh, Rabbani, Babaei and Enayati, hosted by the Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, “Gas Flow Models of Shale: A Review”; Elsevier Ltd. (Journal of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources, 2015), review by Gensterblum et al. of Stanford University, University of Calgary, British Geological Survey and RWTH Aachen University…, “Gas transport and storage capacity in shale gas reservoirs – A review. Part A: Transport processes”; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Inspector General, “Enhanced EPA Oversight and Action Can Further Protect Water Resources From the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing”; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), “Class II Oil and Gas Related Injection Wells | US EPA”; The National Archives (legislation.gov.uk), UK Government – Infrastructure Act 2015, section 50, “Infrastructure Act 2015”; UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (Explanatory Memorandum to UK Statutory Instrument 2016 No. 384, published on legislation.gov.uk by The National Archives), “The Onshore Hydraulic Fracturing (Protected Areas) Regulations 2016”.
Sources used in this film
- U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) — Where our natural gas comes from - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · View →
- U.S. Department of Energy (Office of Fossil Energy glossary, 'Natural Gas from Shale: Questions and Answers', material dated around late 2012) — shale-gas-glossary · View →
- British Geological Survey (BGS), part of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) — Shale gas in the UK - British Geological Survey · View →
- U.S. Department of Energy, Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office — Hydraulic Fracturing Technology · View →
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development — Review of Well Operator Files for Hydraulically Fractured Oil and Gas Production Wells: Well Design and ConstructionReview of Well Operator Files for Hydraulically Fractured Oil and Gas Production Wells: Well Design and Construction · View →
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) — Fact Sheet_Analysis of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Data from the FracFocus Chemical Disclosure Registry 1.0 · View →
- U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) — EIA - Natural Gas Pipeline Network · View →
- U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) — Delivery and storage of natural gas - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) · View →
- Energy & Fuels (American Chemical Society); authors Javadpour, Singh, Rabbani, Babaei and Enayati, hosted by the Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin — Gas Flow Models of Shale: A Review · View →
- Elsevier Ltd. (Journal of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources, 2015), review by Gensterblum et al. of Stanford University, University of Calgary, British Geological Survey and RWTH Aachen University… — Gas transport and storage capacity in shale gas reservoirs – A review. Part A: Transport processes · View →
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Inspector General — Enhanced EPA Oversight and Action Can Further Protect Water Resources From the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing · View →
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) — Class II Oil and Gas Related Injection Wells | US EPA · View →
- The National Archives (legislation.gov.uk), UK Government – Infrastructure Act 2015, section 50 — Infrastructure Act 2015 · View →
- UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (Explanatory Memorandum to UK Statutory Instrument 2016 No. 384, published on legislation.gov.uk by The National Archives) — The Onshore Hydraulic Fracturing (Protected Areas) Regulations 2016 · View →
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Sources
- Summary by Intellect · source: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA): Where our natural gas comes from - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
- Also: U.S. Department of Energy (Office of Fossil Energy glossary, 'Natural Gas from Shale: Questions and Answers', material d: shale-gas-glossary
- Also: British Geological Survey (BGS), part of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI): Shale gas in the UK - British Geological Survey
- Also: U.S. Department of Energy, Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office: Hydraulic Fracturing Technology
- Also: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development: Review of Well Operator Files for Hydraulically Fractured Oil and Gas Production Wells: Well Design and ConstructionReview of Well Operator Files for Hydraulically Fractured Oil and Gas Production Wells: Well Design and Construction
- Also: United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Fact Sheet_Analysis of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Data from the FracFocus Chemical Disclosure Registry 1.0
- Also: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA): EIA - Natural Gas Pipeline Network
- Also: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA): Delivery and storage of natural gas - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
- Also: Energy & Fuels (American Chemical Society); authors Javadpour, Singh, Rabbani, Babaei and Enayati, hosted by the Jackson: Gas Flow Models of Shale: A Review
- Also: Elsevier Ltd. (Journal of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources, 2015), review by Gensterblum et al. of Stanford Universi: Gas transport and storage capacity in shale gas reservoirs – A review. Part A: Transport processes
- Also: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Inspector General: Enhanced EPA Oversight and Action Can Further Protect Water Resources From the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing
- Also: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Class II Oil and Gas Related Injection Wells | US EPA
- Also: The National Archives (legislation.gov.uk), UK Government – Infrastructure Act 2015, section 50: Infrastructure Act 2015
- Also: UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (Explanatory Memorandum to UK Statutory Instrument 2016 No. 384, published on: The Onshore Hydraulic Fracturing (Protected Areas) Regulations 2016
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