How frigate birds manage to sleep while soaring thousands of kilometers

Frigate Birds Sleep Less Than 3% During Flight—Here's Why · 4:48 · Video: Science ABC · Watch at the source

In short: The frigate bird is a master of endurance, capable of sleeping while in mid-flight. This video explains the neurological tricks these birds use to remain airborne for vast distances without succumbing to exhaustion.

Researchers used EEG studies to reveal that frigate birds utilize a specialized state called uni-hemispheric slow-wave sleep. Simultaneous navigation and flight are achieved by allowing one cerebral hemisphere to slumber whilst the remaining side stays active. This allows them to spend less than 3% of their flight time actually sleeping.

The video also contrasts these strategies with other species, such as the Alpine Swift, which can fly continuously for 200 days, and the garden warbler, which employs different pit-stop sleeping strategies. Understanding these variations in REM and NREM sleep helps illustrate the diverse evolutionary solutions for avian migration.

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