Turning hundreds of terabytes of satellite data into visible stories

#EarthDayAtHome with Data Visualizer Lori Perkins · 3:09 · Video: NASA Science · Watch at the source

In short: Satellites orbit high above our heads, capturing massive amounts of raw information about our planet. But without a way to see it, that data remains abstract. Visualizers like Lori Perkins bridge this gap, translating complex measurements into the images and videos we use to understand our changing world.

NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio works to make Earth science accessible by converting raw satellite telemetry into visual narratives. While satellites collect hundreds of terabytes of data, visualizers like Lori Perkins translate these abstract numbers into clear depictions of global phenomena. This includes tracking rising global temperatures, mapping ocean currents influenced by El Niño, and analyzing the chemical composition of our atmosphere.

The process requires sophisticated technology to ensure accuracy. For instance, NASA uses special "fluid lens" cameras on satellites to capture clear images of water without distortion from movement. These visual tools are not just for show; they are essential for understanding how interconnected Earth systems function. They allow scientists and the public alike to appreciate the "wondrous beauty" of the planet while providing the data necessary to protect its land, air, water, and ice.

The field also leverages interactive technology to involve the public in scientific discovery. Through initiatives like the NeMO-Net app, users can help classify 3D images of coral reefs. By mapping coral, participants assist a NASA Ames Research Center supercomputer in mastering autonomous classification techniques. By turning data into education—ranging from Lego models of hurricane precipitation to interactive webquests—NASA aims to foster a deeper appreciation for the science that helps us understand our home.

For Perkins, this work is rooted in a career that began with writing Fortran code for spacecraft telemetry. Her journey highlights the transition from raw data processing to high-level communication, emphasizing that the goal of visualization is to explain interesting scientific results and phenomena to everyone, regardless of their technical background.

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