NASA uses a massive gun to launch spacecraft models at orbital speeds

NASA Ames operates the only facility in the United States capable of firing tiny spacecraft models at extreme speeds. This unique test range allows researchers to study the aerodynamics of reentry vehicles by capturing high-speed imagery of shockwaves as models travel at orbital velocities.

Located at NASA Ames, this hypervelocity free flight test range functions as a specialized gun designed to propel small-scale models at speeds exceeding 17,000 miles per hour. By simulating the intense conditions of atmospheric reentry, engineers can verify how potential spacecraft designs will perform.

Beyond simple velocity, the facility utilizes shadowgraph imaging technology. This allows scientists to visualize and analyze complex shockwave structures and other critical aerodynamic details that occur during high-speed flight, providing essential data for the development of future space vehicles.

Source: The Biggest Gun In The West! NASA's Hypervelocity Free Flight Test Range