The springbok can survive its entire life without drinking a single drop of water.

Nature · Published 29 September 2026 Swipe more like this →

In short: This slender African antelope is a master of arid survival, often meeting its hydration needs solely through succulent vegetation. Famous for a bizarre, stiff-legged leaping display called pronking, the springbok is a biological marvel—a creature that can thrive in extreme drought while outrunning almost any predator on the savanna.

The springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis) is a unique bovid, representing the only living member of its genus. First described by German zoologist Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann in 1780, this antelope is native to the dry regions of southern and southwestern Africa. Its name, derived from the Afrikaans words for 'jump' and 'buck,' perfectly captures its most iconic behavior: pronking. During this display, the animal leaps up to two meters into the air with a bowed back, lifting a hidden pocket of white hair along its spine that releases a distinct, sweat-like scent.

Physiologically, the springbok is built for speed and endurance. It possesses a high concentration of fast-twitch muscle fibers and an exceptional capacity for aerobic activity, allowing it to reach speeds of 88 km/h. These physical traits are supported by specific mitochondrial mutations that it shares with the North American pronghorn. Unlike many other mammals, the springbok can survive the dry season without drinking water, instead sourcing moisture from flowers, seeds, and leaves consumed before dawn when vegetation is most succulent.

Historically, millions of springbok engaged in massive, landscape-altering migrations known as trekbokking during periods of severe drought. While these vast movements are now rare, the species remains resilient, with a population trend that is currently expanding. Today, the springbok serves as the national animal of South Africa, appearing on currency and representing national sports teams. Despite being a popular game animal valued for its meat and skin, it remains classified as a species of least concern, successfully navigating the challenges of its harsh, arid environment.

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