Why planting your tree too deep could be a fatal mistake
In short: Most gardeners think more soil is better, but improper depth is a primary cause of tree mortality. To ensure your tree thrives for decades, you must master the delicate balance of the root flare and the soil it inhabits.
The most critical factor in successful tree establishment is the positioning of the root flare—the point where the trunk meets the roots. To prevent chronic issues like stem girdling roots or even death within months of installation, the flare should be positioned level with or slightly above the surrounding ground level. If you are uncertain, it is safer to plant slightly high, as the tree will naturally settle over time. This prevents the tree from sinking deeper than intended. Always check the eventual height and spread before purchasing to ensure it fits your space.
The preparation of the planting hole is equally vital. To foster a zone of well-drained, aerated soil, the hole ought to be twice or thrice as wide as the root ball. While it may be tempting to mix in compost or peat moss, research suggests that using the original soil removed from the hole is actually the best backfill material for tree establishment. A wider hole provides a beneficial zone of well-aerated soil for roots to exploit. This is especially important in poor soil conditions.
Once the tree is positioned, the goal is to eliminate air pockets. This can be achieved by rocking the tree gently to ensure the bottom of the root ball is well-heeled to the native soil. After backfilling in stages and watering, a layer of organic mulch, roughly 5 to 8cm thick, should be applied to retain moisture and deter weeds. Once established, avoid the outdated practice of pruning the branches to match the root collar; instead, focus on regular, deep watering to encourage new root growth. You should also check that the stem remains upright after firming the soil. Finally, consider using a tree guard if local wildlife might nibble the bark.
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Sources
- Summary by Intellect · source: How to Plant a Tree, Part 3 | Lawn & Garden Care
- Also: Tree Planting Basics | Yard and Garden
- Also: How to Plant a Tree | RHS Advice
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