How astronauts use Earth-to-space calls to prepare for the journey to Mars

Space · Published 8 October 2026 Swipe more like this →

In short: On July 31, 2015, students in Cleveland connected live with the International Space Station. Beyond a simple classroom visit, this downlink served a much larger purpose: using real-time orbital science to bridge the gap between Earth-bound education and the future of deep-space exploration.

During an educational event at the Great Lakes Science Center, Expedition 44 Flight Engineers Scott Kelly and Kjell Lindgren participated in a 20-minute live broadcast. The session, which included students from the MC2 STEM High School, was part of a NASA Education Office initiative designed to enhance STEM learning through authentic, live experiences with space exploration. The live downlink was scheduled for 12:35 p.m. EDT. This direct connection allows students to witness the scientific components of space travel and the potential for life in space firsthand.

The mission details for the two astronauts highlighted the varying stages of their orbital stays. At the time of the July 31 call, Lindgren was in the early stages of a five-month flight, having arrived at the station on July 23. Scott Kelly, meanwhile, was deeper into a year-long mission, having already completed four to five months in microgravity. Lindgren's mission was his first ever six-month assignment. Both engineers serve as part of the Expedition 44 crew, working within the station's orbital laboratory.

The scientific significance of these long-duration stays extends far beyond simple observation. Kelly’s mission is specifically focused on gathering biomedical data regarding how prolonged weightlessness affects the human body. This research is critical for the long-term planning of future crewed missions to Mars.

While the astronauts engage with students, they are also managing a massive scientific workload. The crew members of Expedition 44 are responsible for conducting over 250 science investigations. These studies span a diverse range of disciplines, including biology, Earth science, physical sciences, technology development, and human research, all conducted within the unique environment of the orbital laboratory. The research includes investigations into technology development and Earth science. These diverse studies are essential for understanding the complexities of life in orbit.

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