The Ocean: Part 2
In short: Scale, depth, light, pressure, temperature, sound and human limits in the ocean; links to Journey of Light. Episodes: 1. What Happens to a Photon in Water?; 2. Nearly 71% Ocean, a World of Rock; 3. How Much Water Is Actually on Earth?; 4. Why Does Red Disappear First Underwater?; 5. Why Is the Deep Ocean Cold?; 6. What Happens to Pressure as You Descend?
A 12:00 short film in the series “The Ocean”, narrated by intellect_voice_01.
Sources used in this film: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “How far does light travel in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “Student Investigation: Light and Color in the Deep Ocean - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; NASA Langley Research Center (CERES Science Team; report by Zhonghai Jin, Analytical Services & Materials, Inc., and Thomas Charlock, NASA Langley), “Jin_Zhonghai.pdf”; National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), “Why is the ocean blue?”; NOAA Ocean Exploration / Deep Ocean Education Project (with the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation), “Factsheet: Light and Color in the Deep Sea”; Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Seawater | Composition, Properties, Distribution, & Facts”; Ocean Optics Web Book (author: Curtis Mobley), “Inherent Optical Properties :: Ocean Optics Web Book”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce — JetStream, “Layers of the Ocean”; National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), “How far does light travel in the ocean?”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), “Ocean Elevator - Scroll from the Surface to the Deep | WHOI”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, “Ocean zones - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution”; National Deep Submergence Facility (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), sponsored by the National Science Foundation, the Office of Naval Research and NOAA, “Capabilities - National Deep Submergence Facility”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), “Pressure Testing of New Alvin Personnel Sphere Successful | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution”; NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science), “The Incredible Glowing Algae - NASA Science”; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, “DOE Explains...Photons | Department of Energy”; U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Basic Health Physics training course material, “0751 - H122 - Basic Health Physics - 03 - Interaction of Photons with Matter.”; NASA Earthdata (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), “Ocean | NASA Earthdata”; NOAA National Ocean Service, “How deep is the ocean?”; Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Oceanic crust | Geology, Formation & Structure | Britannica”; NOAA Ocean Exploration, “How far does light travel in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; NOAA National Ocean Service, “How far does light travel in the ocean?”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, National Deep Submergence Facility, “HOV Alvin - National Deep Submergence Facility”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Deep Submergence Laboratory, “Vehicles - Deep Submergence Lab”; NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), “Seabed 2030: Map the Gaps”; Encyclopaedia Britannica, “Ocean | Definition, Distribution, Map, Formation, & Facts | Britannica”; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science School, “Photos: Tributaries Merge to form Larger Rivers, USGS Water Science School”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “How much of the ocean has been explored? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; NASA Science Mission Directorate (archived via the Internet Archive Wayback Machine), “Living Ocean | Science Mission Directorate”; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Water Science School, “How Much Water is There on Earth? | U.S. Geological Survey”; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science School, “How Much Water is There on Earth?”; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), “How much natural water is there? | U.S. Geological Survey”; NOAA National Ocean Service (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “How deep is the ocean?”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “How deep is the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science (Beal Agulhas group, course lecture notes), “Lecture Two”; National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), “How far does light travel in the ocean?”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “How far does light travel in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; NPR (National Public Radio), “An Unmatched Journey To Mysterious Ocean Depths”; U.S. Naval Institute (Naval History magazine), “The Trieste's Deepest Dive”; NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (NOAA Ocean Exploration, archived website), “How much of the ocean has been explored? : Ocean Exploration Facts: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research”; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science School, “Color and water”; Optical Society of America (Applied Optics, 1981; Smith & Baker, Visibility Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego), “smithbakerwaterattenuation.pdf”; National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), “Why is the ocean blue?”; NOAA Ocean Exploration / Deep Ocean Education Project (with the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation), “Factsheet: Light and Color in the Deep Sea”; IOP Publishing (IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science; paper by B Nababan, D Ulfah and J P Panjaitan, 2021), “Light propagation, coefficient attenuation, and the depth of one optical depth in different water types”; NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (Ocean Explorer), article by Edith Widder, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, “NOAA Ocean Explorer: Operation Deep Scope 2004”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “Why are so many deep-sea animals red in color? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; Monterey Bay Aquarium, “The midwater”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce – JetStream, “Layers of the Ocean”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “What is the “deep” ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), “How does pressure change with ocean depth?”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration); article by Ryan Bradley, East Carolina University, “Technical Diving - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (Oceanus), “Shedding Light on Light in the Ocean | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution”; National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), “What is a thermocline?”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream, National Weather Service, “Layers of the Ocean”; NOAA National Ocean Service, “How far does light travel in the ocean?”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, “Sunlit zone - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “How does the temperature of ocean water vary? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (NOAA Ocean Exploration), U.S. Department of Commerce; log by Scott C. France, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, “2015 Hohonu Moana: Exploring Deep Waters off Hawaiʻi: Mission Logs: September 27: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, “Ocean zones - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), “Journey into Midnight: Light and Life Below the Twilight Zone - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, “Why is pressure different in the ocean? | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution”; NASA Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Mission – Precipitation Education, “The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt | Precipitation Education”; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio, “NASA Scientific Visualization Studio | The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt - Stereoscopic Version”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), “Submersibles - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), “How does pressure change with ocean depth?”; NOAA Diving Center (NOAA Office of Marine and Aviation Operations), “Slide 1”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “How does pressure impact animals in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Institutional Repository; article published in Deep Sea Research Part I, “NOAA Institutional Repository”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “What is the “deep” ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “How far does light travel in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce – JetStream, “Layers of the Ocean”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “How does the temperature of ocean water vary? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; NOAA Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO), “Slide 1”; Frontiers in Physiology (via PubMed Central, U.S. National Library of Medicine), “Breath-Hold Diving – The Physiology of Diving Deep and Returning”; European Journal of Applied Physiology (Springer), hosted on PubMed Central by the U.S. National Library of Medicine; authors from University of Padova, Duke University Medical Center and Tampa Gener…, “Advances in breath-hold diving research: a state-of-the-art review”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), “Pressure Testing of New Alvin Personnel Sphere Successful | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution”; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), “FAQs - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution”.
Sources used in this film
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — How far does light travel in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — Student Investigation: Light and Color in the Deep Ocean - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- NASA Langley Research Center (CERES Science Team; report by Zhonghai Jin, Analytical Services & Materials, Inc., and Thomas Charlock, NASA Langley) — Jin_Zhonghai.pdf · View →
- National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) — Why is the ocean blue? · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration / Deep Ocean Education Project (with the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation) — Factsheet: Light and Color in the Deep Sea · View →
- Encyclopaedia Britannica — Seawater | Composition, Properties, Distribution, & Facts · View →
- Ocean Optics Web Book (author: Curtis Mobley) — Inherent Optical Properties :: Ocean Optics Web Book · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce — JetStream — Layers of the Ocean · View →
- National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) — How far does light travel in the ocean? · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) — Ocean Elevator - Scroll from the Surface to the Deep | WHOI · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution — Ocean zones - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution · View →
- National Deep Submergence Facility (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), sponsored by the National Science Foundation, the Office of Naval Research and NOAA — Capabilities - National Deep Submergence Facility · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) — Pressure Testing of New Alvin Personnel Sphere Successful | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution · View →
- NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science) — The Incredible Glowing Algae - NASA Science · View →
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science — DOE Explains...Photons | Department of Energy · View →
- U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Basic Health Physics training course material — 0751 - H122 - Basic Health Physics - 03 - Interaction of Photons with Matter. · View →
- NASA Earthdata (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) — Ocean | NASA Earthdata · View →
- NOAA National Ocean Service — How deep is the ocean? · View →
- Encyclopaedia Britannica — Oceanic crust | Geology, Formation & Structure | Britannica · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration — How far does light travel in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- NOAA National Ocean Service — How far does light travel in the ocean? · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, National Deep Submergence Facility — HOV Alvin - National Deep Submergence Facility · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Deep Submergence Laboratory — Vehicles - Deep Submergence Lab · View →
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) — Seabed 2030: Map the Gaps · View →
- Encyclopaedia Britannica — Ocean | Definition, Distribution, Map, Formation, & Facts | Britannica · View →
- U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science School — Photos: Tributaries Merge to form Larger Rivers, USGS Water Science School · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — How much of the ocean has been explored? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- NASA Science Mission Directorate (archived via the Internet Archive Wayback Machine) — Living Ocean | Science Mission Directorate · View →
- U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Water Science School — How Much Water is There on Earth? | U.S. Geological Survey · View →
- U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science School — How Much Water is There on Earth? · View →
- U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) — How much natural water is there? | U.S. Geological Survey · View →
- NOAA National Ocean Service (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — How deep is the ocean? · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — How deep is the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science (Beal Agulhas group, course lecture notes) — Lecture Two · View →
- National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) — How far does light travel in the ocean? · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — How far does light travel in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- NPR (National Public Radio) — An Unmatched Journey To Mysterious Ocean Depths · View →
- U.S. Naval Institute (Naval History magazine) — The Trieste's Deepest Dive · View →
- NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (NOAA Ocean Exploration, archived website) — How much of the ocean has been explored? : Ocean Exploration Facts: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research · View →
- U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science School — Color and water · View →
- Optical Society of America (Applied Optics, 1981; Smith & Baker, Visibility Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego) — smithbakerwaterattenuation.pdf · View →
- National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) — Why is the ocean blue? · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration / Deep Ocean Education Project (with the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation) — Factsheet: Light and Color in the Deep Sea · View →
- IOP Publishing (IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science; paper by B Nababan, D Ulfah and J P Panjaitan, 2021) — Light propagation, coefficient attenuation, and the depth of one optical depth in different water types · View →
- NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (Ocean Explorer), article by Edith Widder, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution — NOAA Ocean Explorer: Operation Deep Scope 2004 · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — Why are so many deep-sea animals red in color? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- Monterey Bay Aquarium — The midwater · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce – JetStream — Layers of the Ocean · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — What is the “deep” ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) — How does pressure change with ocean depth? · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration); article by Ryan Bradley, East Carolina University — Technical Diving - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (Oceanus) — Shedding Light on Light in the Ocean | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution · View →
- National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) — What is a thermocline? · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream, National Weather Service — Layers of the Ocean · View →
- NOAA National Ocean Service — How far does light travel in the ocean? · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution — Sunlit zone - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — How does the temperature of ocean water vary? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (NOAA Ocean Exploration), U.S. Department of Commerce; log by Scott C. France, University of Louisiana at Lafayette — 2015 Hohonu Moana: Exploring Deep Waters off Hawaiʻi: Mission Logs: September 27: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution — Ocean zones - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) — Journey into Midnight: Light and Life Below the Twilight Zone - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution — Why is pressure different in the ocean? | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution · View →
- NASA Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Mission – Precipitation Education — The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt | Precipitation Education · View →
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio — NASA Scientific Visualization Studio | The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt - Stereoscopic Version · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) — Submersibles - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) — How does pressure change with ocean depth? · View →
- NOAA Diving Center (NOAA Office of Marine and Aviation Operations) — Slide 1 · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — How does pressure impact animals in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Institutional Repository; article published in Deep Sea Research Part I — NOAA Institutional Repository · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — What is the “deep” ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — How far does light travel in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce – JetStream — Layers of the Ocean · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — How does the temperature of ocean water vary? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- NOAA Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) — Slide 1 · View →
- Frontiers in Physiology (via PubMed Central, U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Breath-Hold Diving – The Physiology of Diving Deep and Returning · View →
- European Journal of Applied Physiology (Springer), hosted on PubMed Central by the U.S. National Library of Medicine; authors from University of Padova, Duke University Medical Center and Tampa Gener… — Advances in breath-hold diving research: a state-of-the-art review · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) — Pressure Testing of New Alvin Personnel Sphere Successful | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution · View →
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) — FAQs - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution · View →
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Sources
- Summary by Intellect · source: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce): How far does light travel in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce): Student Investigation: Light and Color in the Deep Ocean - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: NASA Langley Research Center (CERES Science Team; report by Zhonghai Jin, Analytical Services & Materials, Inc., and Tho: Jin_Zhonghai.pdf
- Also: National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA): Why is the ocean blue?
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration / Deep Ocean Education Project (with the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation): Factsheet: Light and Color in the Deep Sea
- Also: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Seawater | Composition, Properties, Distribution, & Facts
- Also: Ocean Optics Web Book (author: Curtis Mobley): Inherent Optical Properties :: Ocean Optics Web Book
- Also: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce — JetStream: Layers of the Ocean
- Also: How far does light travel in the ocean?
- Also: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI): Ocean Elevator - Scroll from the Surface to the Deep | WHOI
- Also: Ocean zones | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- Also: National Deep Submergence Facility (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), sponsored by the National Science Foundation,: Capabilities - National Deep Submergence Facility
- Also: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI): Pressure Testing of New Alvin Personnel Sphere Successful | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- Also: NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science): The Incredible Glowing Algae - NASA Science
- Also: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science: DOE Explains...Photons | Department of Energy
- Also: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Basic Health Physics training course material: 0751 - H122 - Basic Health Physics - 03 - Interaction of Photons with Matter.
- Also: Ocean | NASA Earthdata
- Also: NOAA National Ocean Service: How deep is the ocean?
- Also: Oceanic crust | Geology, Formation & Structure | Britannica
- Also: HOV Alvin - National Deep Submergence Facility
- Also: Vehicles - Deep Submergence Lab
- Also: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI): Seabed 2030: Map the Gaps
- Also: Encyclopaedia Britannica: Ocean | Definition, Distribution, Map, Formation, & Facts | Britannica
- Also: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science School: Photos: Tributaries Merge to form Larger Rivers, USGS Water Science School
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce): How much of the ocean has been explored? - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: NASA Science Mission Directorate (archived via the Internet Archive Wayback Machine): Living Ocean | Science Mission Directorate
- Also: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Water Science School: How Much Water is There on Earth? | U.S. Geological Survey
- Also: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science School: How Much Water is There on Earth?
- Also: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS): How much natural water is there? | U.S. Geological Survey
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce): How deep is the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science (Beal Agulhas group, course lecture not: Lecture Two
- Also: NPR (National Public Radio): An Unmatched Journey To Mysterious Ocean Depths
- Also: U.S. Naval Institute (Naval History magazine): The Trieste's Deepest Dive
- Also: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (NOAA Ocean Exploration, archived website): How much of the ocean has been explored? : Ocean Exploration Facts: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research
- Also: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science School: Color and water
- Also: Optical Society of America (Applied Optics, 1981; Smith & Baker, Visibility Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanogra: smithbakerwaterattenuation.pdf
- Also: IOP Publishing (IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science; paper by B Nababan, D Ulfah and J P Panjaitan, 2: Light propagation, coefficient attenuation, and the depth of one optical depth in different water types
- Also: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (Ocean Explorer), article by Edith Widder, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Ins: NOAA Ocean Explorer: Operation Deep Scope 2004
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce): Why are so many deep-sea animals red in color? - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: Monterey Bay Aquarium: The midwater
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce): What is the “deep” ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA): How does pressure change with ocean depth?
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration); article by Ryan Bradley, East Carolina Univers: Technical Diving - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (Oceanus): Shedding Light on Light in the Ocean | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- Also: National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA): What is a thermocline?
- Also: Sunlit zone | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce): How does the temperature of ocean water vary? - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (NOAA Ocean Exploration), U.S. Department of Commerce; log by Scott C. Fra: 2015 Hohonu Moana: Exploring Deep Waters off Hawaiʻi: Mission Logs: September 27: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration): Journey into Midnight: Light and Life Below the Twilight Zone - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution: Why is pressure different in the ocean? | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- Also: NASA Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Mission – Precipitation Education: The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt | Precipitation Education
- Also: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio: NASA Scientific Visualization Studio | The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt - Stereoscopic Version
- Also: Submersibles - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: NOAA Diving Center (NOAA Office of Marine and Aviation Operations): Slide 1
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce): How does pressure impact animals in the ocean? - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Institutional Repository; article published in Deep Sea Research : NOAA Institutional Repository
- Also: NOAA Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO): Slide 1
- Also: Frontiers in Physiology (via PubMed Central, U.S. National Library of Medicine): Breath-Hold Diving – The Physiology of Diving Deep and Returning
- Also: European Journal of Applied Physiology (Springer), hosted on PubMed Central by the U.S. National Library of Medicine; au: Advances in breath-hold diving research: a state-of-the-art review
- Also: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI): FAQs - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
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