Where does nitrogen for industry come from?
In short: How industry separates nitrogen from the air, through cryogenic distillation, pressure-swing adsorption with carbon molecular sieves and polymer hollow-fibre membranes, and the physics that makes each one work.
A 2:14 short film in the series “How Things Work”, narrated by intellect_voice_01.
Sources used in this film: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce – JetStream, “The Atmosphere”; UCAR Center for Science Education (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research / NSF NCAR), “What's in the Air? | Center for Science Education”; Palgrave Macmillan (Springer Nature), chapter by Hans-Liudger Dienel, 2004, in the book 'Linde', “Linde Enters into Liquefaction and Separation of Gases”; U.S. Department of Energy (Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office / Office of Fossil Energy), “Energy Department Invests $4M in Air Separation Research at National Labs”; National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), U.S. Department of Energy, “A Breath of Fresh Air: NETL's OASIS Technology Poised To Revolutionize Oxygen Production”; Springer Science+Business Media (book chapter by Jennifer Wilcox, Stanford University, in 'Carbon Capture', 2012), “Cryogenic Distillation and Air Separation”; Academia.edu (author-uploaded copy of a research paper; journal venue and year not stated on the page; the 'Key takeaways' section is labelled as AI-generated by the platform), “Oxygen/Nitrogen Gas Separation by Polyetherimide Hollow Fiber Membrane: Effects of Bore Fluid Rate on Permeance and Selectivity”; Academia.edu (hosting a 1994 paper by Martin Bülow published in Gas Separation & Purification, Elsevier BV), “Investigation of the mechanism for the separation of nitrogen—oxygen mixtures on carbon molecular sieves”; Springer (journal Adsorption), “Air Separation by Carbon Molecular Sieves - Adsorption”; IntechOpen (book chapter by Tatiana Morosuk in 'Low-Temperature Technologies', DOI 10.5772/intechopen.85765), hosted on Academia.edu, “Comparative Evaluation of Cryogenic Air Separation Units from the Exergetic and Economic Points of View”; Encyclopaedia Britannica (topic page; the 'Quick Summary' is labelled AI-generated from Britannica articles, so it is weaker than the quoted article snippets), “Liquid nitrogen | chemistry | Britannica”.
Sources used in this film
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce – JetStream — The Atmosphere · View →
- UCAR Center for Science Education (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research / NSF NCAR) — What's in the Air? | Center for Science Education · View →
- Palgrave Macmillan (Springer Nature), chapter by Hans-Liudger Dienel, 2004, in the book 'Linde' — Linde Enters into Liquefaction and Separation of Gases · View →
- U.S. Department of Energy (Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office / Office of Fossil Energy) — Energy Department Invests $4M in Air Separation Research at National Labs · View →
- National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), U.S. Department of Energy — A Breath of Fresh Air: NETL's OASIS Technology Poised To Revolutionize Oxygen Production · View →
- Springer Science+Business Media (book chapter by Jennifer Wilcox, Stanford University, in 'Carbon Capture', 2012) — Cryogenic Distillation and Air Separation · View →
- Academia.edu (author-uploaded copy of a research paper; journal venue and year not stated on the page; the 'Key takeaways' section is labelled as AI-generated by the platform) — Oxygen/Nitrogen Gas Separation by Polyetherimide Hollow Fiber Membrane: Effects of Bore Fluid Rate on Permeance and Selectivity · View →
- Academia.edu (hosting a 1994 paper by Martin Bülow published in Gas Separation & Purification, Elsevier BV) — Investigation of the mechanism for the separation of nitrogen—oxygen mixtures on carbon molecular sieves · View →
- Springer (journal Adsorption) — Air Separation by Carbon Molecular Sieves - Adsorption · View →
- IntechOpen (book chapter by Tatiana Morosuk in 'Low-Temperature Technologies', DOI 10.5772/intechopen.85765), hosted on Academia.edu — Comparative Evaluation of Cryogenic Air Separation Units from the Exergetic and Economic Points of View · View →
- Encyclopaedia Britannica (topic page; the 'Quick Summary' is labelled AI-generated from Britannica articles, so it is weaker than the quoted article snippets) — Liquid nitrogen | chemistry | Britannica · View →
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Sources
- Summary by Intellect · source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream: The Atmosphere
- Also: UCAR Center for Science Education (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research / NSF NCAR): What's in the Air? | Center for Science Education
- Also: Palgrave Macmillan (Springer Nature), chapter by Hans-Liudger Dienel, 2004, in the book 'Linde': Linde Enters into Liquefaction and Separation of Gases
- Also: U.S. Department of Energy (Hydrocarbons and Geothermal Energy Office): Energy Department Invests $4M in Air Separation Research at National Labs
- Also: National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), U.S. Department of Energy: A Breath of Fresh Air: NETL's OASIS Technology Poised To Revolutionize Oxygen Production
- Also: Springer Science+Business Media (book chapter by Jennifer Wilcox, Stanford University, in 'Carbon Capture', 2012): Cryogenic Distillation and Air Separation
- Also: Academia.edu (author-uploaded copy of a research paper; journal venue and year not stated on the page; the 'Key takeaway: Oxygen/Nitrogen Gas Separation by Polyetherimide Hollow Fiber Membrane: Effects of Bore Fluid Rate on Permeance and Selectivity
- Also: Academia.edu (hosting a 1994 paper by Martin Bülow published in Gas Separation & Purification, Elsevier BV): Investigation of the mechanism for the separation of nitrogen—oxygen mixtures on carbon molecular sieves
- Also: Springer (journal Adsorption): Air Separation by Carbon Molecular Sieves - Adsorption
- Also: IntechOpen (book chapter by Tatiana Morosuk in 'Low-Temperature Technologies', DOI 10.5772/intechopen.85765), hosted on : Comparative Evaluation of Cryogenic Air Separation Units from the Exergetic and Economic Points of View
- Also: Encyclopaedia Britannica (topic page; the 'Quick Summary' is labelled AI-generated from Britannica articles, so it is we: Liquid nitrogen | chemistry | Britannica
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