Invisible Atmosphere: Part 1
In short: Make the mechanics of the atmosphere visible. Episodes: 1. What Is Wind?; 2. Derechos: The Wind That Goes Straight Ahead; 3. Why Does Wind Get Faster?; 4. Why Is Some Wind Hot and Some Wind Cold?; 5. How Does a Hurricane Become a Giant Engine?
A 10:11 short film in the series “Invisible Atmosphere”, narrated by intellect_voice_01.
Sources used in this film: NOAA National Weather Service (NWS JetStream online weather school), archived by the Internet Archive Wayback Machine, “NWS JetStream - Introduction to the Atmosphere”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream, “The Atmosphere”; NOAA National Weather Service (JetStream online weather school), archived by the Internet Archive Wayback Machine, “NWS JetStream - Origin of Wind”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream, “Origin of Wind”; Pennsylvania State University, Department of Meteorology (Meteorology 2/3 web lecture), “Meteorology 2/3”; The Pennsylvania State University, College of Earth and Mineral Sciences (Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, METEO 469 course by Michael Mann and Brian Gaudet), “Overview of the Climate System - Part 1”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service JetStream, “Global Atmospheric Circulations”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce, “Weather systems and patterns”; NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), U.S. Department of Commerce, “What Is the Coriolis Effect?”; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Education, “Modeling Weather Patterns and the Coriolis Effect – Science Lesson | NASA JPL Education”; World Meteorological Organization (WMO), “Global; Southern Hemisphere; Eastern Hemisphere: Maximum Surface Wind Gust (3-Second)”; British Antarctic Survey (Natural Environment Research Council, UK Research and Innovation), “Documentation and verification of the world extreme wind gust record: 113.3 m s–1 on Barrow Island, Australia, during passage of tropical cyclone Olivia - British Antarctic Survey”; NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science), “Ocean and Climate - NASA Science”; NOAA / National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center, “Derechos FAQ page”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service JetStream, “Derechos”; National Weather Service (NOAA), Weather Forecast Office Louisville, KY, “Derecho”; NOAA Storm Prediction Center / National Severe Storms Laboratory (Evans and Doswell, Weather and Forecasting, June 2001), “Untitled”; NOAA Institutional Repository (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration); article published by the American Meteorological Society in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2023,…, “NOAA Institutional Repository”; NOAA Storm Prediction Center and National Severe Storms Laboratory (Evans and Doswell), “Derecho Environments”; American Meteorological Society (Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences), paper by Morris L. Weisman of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, hosted by NOAA Storm Prediction Center, “Weisman_1993.pdf”; American Meteorological Society (Monthly Weather Review), hosted by NOAA Storm Prediction Center, “Wakimoto1_2006.pdf”; NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL), “Damaging Winds Types”; NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL), “Severe Weather 101: Thunderstorm Types”; National Weather Service (NOAA), Weather Forecast Office Quad Cities, IA/IL, “Midwest Derecho - August 10, 2020”; National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office Des Moines, IA (NOAA, US Department of Commerce), “August 10, 2020 Derecho”; U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service, “The Historic Derecho of June 29, 2012”; NOAA / National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center, “Climatology of Derecho Events in the United States”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream weather education resource, “Origin of Wind”; National Weather Service (NOAA), Houston/Galveston office (ZHU) training page, “Air pressure and wind”; University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (ATOC 3050 lecture notes, J. Cassano), “Microsoft Word - chapter10.docx”; University of Hawaiʻi (Pressbooks OER, Atmospheric Processes and Phenomena, by Alison Nugent and Shintaro Russell), “Chapter 10: Atmospheric Forces and Wind – Atmospheric Processes and Phenomena”; Met Office (National Meteorological Library and Archive), “factsheet_11-interpreting-weather-charts_2023pdf”; MIT Weather and Climate Laboratory (course notes for 12.307 by John Marshall, Alan Plumb and Lodovica Illari), “swp0001.dvi”; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Education, “Modeling Weather Patterns and the Coriolis Effect – Science Lesson | NASA JPL Education”; Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), U.S. Department of Transportation: Advisory Circular AC 00-6A, Aviation Weather, Chapter 4 'Wind', “AC%2000-6A%20Chap%204-6.pdf”; NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), Hurricane Research Division, “Untitled Document”; World Meteorological Organization (WMO), “Table_Records_25Jul2025.pdf”; NOAA National Weather Service, Western Region (NWSFO Salt Lake City), “ta9811.pdf”; US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station (article published in Atmosphere, MDPI), “Observations and predictability of gap winds in the Salmon River Canyon of Central Idaho, USA”; NOAA National Weather Service (NWS JetStream), “NWS JetStream - North American Air Masses”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce, “Air Masses”; Met Office (National Meteorological Library and Archive), “factsheet_10-air-masses-and-weather-fronts_2023.pdf”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream, “Origin of Wind”; NOAA Storm Prediction Center (National Weather Service), “Environmental Temperature Lapse Rates”; NOAA National Weather Service (Houston/Galveston office training material), “Microsoft PowerPoint - Ch7.ppt”; University of Arizona, Department of Atmospheric Sciences (ATMO336 course notes), “ATMO336 - Fall 2010”; University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences: ATM 100 course notes, “Chapter5_AdiabaticProcessesStability.pdf”; NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), “Weather History: Chinook Winds of Winter 1982”; NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science), “Dust Traverses the Atlantic Ocean - NASA Science”; NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science), “Tracking Dust Across the Atlantic - NASA Science”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream, “Tropical Cyclone Structure”; NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), Hurricane Research Division, “TCFAQ A11) What is the 'eye'? How is it formed and maintained? What”; NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), Hurricane Research Division, “Hurricane FAQ - NOAA/AOML”; NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce), “How does the ocean affect hurricanes? - NOAA Ocean Exploration”; Penn State Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science (METEO 3: Weather Revealed: Introductory Meteorology), “Tropical Cyclone Ingredients: Part I”; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Kerry Emanuel, course lecture notes on tropical cyclones), “Physics of Mature Tropical Cyclones, I”; Kerry Emanuel, Program in Atmospheres, Oceans, and Climate, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Microsoft Word - Lilly_KE_ver2.doc”; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service JetStream, “Tropical Cyclone Introduction”; NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (hosting a paper published in Weather and Forecasting by the American Meteorological Society), “Mainellietal.pdf”; NOAA Institutional Repository (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), “NOAA Institutional Repository”.
Sources used in this film
- NOAA National Weather Service (NWS JetStream online weather school), archived by the Internet Archive Wayback Machine — NWS JetStream - Introduction to the Atmosphere · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream — The Atmosphere · View →
- NOAA National Weather Service (JetStream online weather school), archived by the Internet Archive Wayback Machine — NWS JetStream - Origin of Wind · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream — Origin of Wind · View →
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Meteorology (Meteorology 2/3 web lecture) — Meteorology 2/3 · View →
- The Pennsylvania State University, College of Earth and Mineral Sciences (Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, METEO 469 course by Michael Mann and Brian Gaudet) — Overview of the Climate System - Part 1 · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service JetStream — Global Atmospheric Circulations · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce — Weather systems and patterns · View →
- NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), U.S. Department of Commerce — What Is the Coriolis Effect? · View →
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Education — Modeling Weather Patterns and the Coriolis Effect – Science Lesson | NASA JPL Education · View →
- World Meteorological Organization (WMO) — Global; Southern Hemisphere; Eastern Hemisphere: Maximum Surface Wind Gust (3-Second) · View →
- British Antarctic Survey (Natural Environment Research Council, UK Research and Innovation) — Documentation and verification of the world extreme wind gust record: 113.3 m s–1 on Barrow Island, Australia, during passage of tropical cyclone Olivia - British Antarctic Survey · View →
- NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science) — Ocean and Climate - NASA Science · View →
- NOAA / National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center — Derechos FAQ page · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service JetStream — Derechos · View →
- National Weather Service (NOAA), Weather Forecast Office Louisville, KY — Derecho · View →
- NOAA Storm Prediction Center / National Severe Storms Laboratory (Evans and Doswell, Weather and Forecasting, June 2001) — Untitled · View →
- NOAA Institutional Repository (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration); article published by the American Meteorological Society in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2023,… — NOAA Institutional Repository · View →
- NOAA Storm Prediction Center and National Severe Storms Laboratory (Evans and Doswell) — Derecho Environments · View →
- American Meteorological Society (Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences), paper by Morris L. Weisman of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, hosted by NOAA Storm Prediction Center — Weisman_1993.pdf · View →
- American Meteorological Society (Monthly Weather Review), hosted by NOAA Storm Prediction Center — Wakimoto1_2006.pdf · View →
- NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) — Damaging Winds Types · View →
- NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) — Severe Weather 101: Thunderstorm Types · View →
- National Weather Service (NOAA), Weather Forecast Office Quad Cities, IA/IL — Midwest Derecho - August 10, 2020 · View →
- National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office Des Moines, IA (NOAA, US Department of Commerce) — August 10, 2020 Derecho · View →
- U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service — The Historic Derecho of June 29, 2012 · View →
- NOAA / National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center — Climatology of Derecho Events in the United States · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream weather education resource — Origin of Wind · View →
- National Weather Service (NOAA), Houston/Galveston office (ZHU) training page — Air pressure and wind · View →
- University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (ATOC 3050 lecture notes, J. Cassano) — Microsoft Word - chapter10.docx · View →
- University of Hawaiʻi (Pressbooks OER, Atmospheric Processes and Phenomena, by Alison Nugent and Shintaro Russell) — Chapter 10: Atmospheric Forces and Wind – Atmospheric Processes and Phenomena · View →
- Met Office (National Meteorological Library and Archive) — factsheet_11-interpreting-weather-charts_2023pdf · View →
- MIT Weather and Climate Laboratory (course notes for 12.307 by John Marshall, Alan Plumb and Lodovica Illari) — swp0001.dvi · View →
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Education — Modeling Weather Patterns and the Coriolis Effect – Science Lesson | NASA JPL Education · View →
- Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), U.S. Department of Transportation: Advisory Circular AC 00-6A, Aviation Weather, Chapter 4 'Wind' — AC%2000-6A%20Chap%204-6.pdf · View →
- NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), Hurricane Research Division — Untitled Document · View →
- World Meteorological Organization (WMO) — Table_Records_25Jul2025.pdf · View →
- NOAA National Weather Service, Western Region (NWSFO Salt Lake City) — ta9811.pdf · View →
- US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station (article published in Atmosphere, MDPI) — Observations and predictability of gap winds in the Salmon River Canyon of Central Idaho, USA · View →
- NOAA National Weather Service (NWS JetStream) — NWS JetStream - North American Air Masses · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce — Air Masses · View →
- Met Office (National Meteorological Library and Archive) — factsheet_10-air-masses-and-weather-fronts_2023.pdf · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream — Origin of Wind · View →
- NOAA Storm Prediction Center (National Weather Service) — Environmental Temperature Lapse Rates · View →
- NOAA National Weather Service (Houston/Galveston office training material) — Microsoft PowerPoint - Ch7.ppt · View →
- University of Arizona, Department of Atmospheric Sciences (ATMO336 course notes) — ATMO336 - Fall 2010 · View →
- University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences: ATM 100 course notes — Chapter5_AdiabaticProcessesStability.pdf · View →
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) — Weather History: Chinook Winds of Winter 1982 · View →
- NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science) — Dust Traverses the Atlantic Ocean - NASA Science · View →
- NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science) — Tracking Dust Across the Atlantic - NASA Science · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream — Tropical Cyclone Structure · View →
- NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), Hurricane Research Division — TCFAQ A11) What is the 'eye'? How is it formed and maintained? What · View →
- NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), Hurricane Research Division — Hurricane FAQ - NOAA/AOML · View →
- NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce) — How does the ocean affect hurricanes? - NOAA Ocean Exploration · View →
- Penn State Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science (METEO 3: Weather Revealed: Introductory Meteorology) — Tropical Cyclone Ingredients: Part I · View →
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Kerry Emanuel, course lecture notes on tropical cyclones) — Physics of Mature Tropical Cyclones, I · View →
- Kerry Emanuel, Program in Atmospheres, Oceans, and Climate, Massachusetts Institute of Technology — Microsoft Word - Lilly_KE_ver2.doc · View →
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service JetStream — Tropical Cyclone Introduction · View →
- NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (hosting a paper published in Weather and Forecasting by the American Meteorological Society) — Mainellietal.pdf · View →
- NOAA Institutional Repository (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) — NOAA Institutional Repository · View →
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Sources
- Summary by Intellect · source: NOAA National Weather Service (NWS JetStream online weather school), archived by the Internet Archive Wayback Machine: NWS JetStream - Introduction to the Atmosphere
- Also: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream: The Atmosphere
- Also: NOAA National Weather Service (JetStream online weather school), archived by the Internet Archive Wayback Machine: NWS JetStream - Origin of Wind
- Also: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream: Origin of Wind
- Also: Pennsylvania State University, Department of Meteorology (Meteorology 2/3 web lecture): Meteorology 2/3
- Also: The Pennsylvania State University, College of Earth and Mineral Sciences (Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Scie: Overview of the Climate System - Part 1
- Also: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service JetStream: Global Atmospheric Circulations
- Also: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce: Weather systems and patterns
- Also: NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), U.S. Department of Commerce: What Is the Coriolis Effect?
- Also: NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Education: Modeling Weather Patterns and the Coriolis Effect – Science Lesson | NASA JPL Education
- Also: World Meteorological Organization (WMO): Global; Southern Hemisphere; Eastern Hemisphere: Maximum Surface Wind Gust (3-Second)
- Also: British Antarctic Survey (Natural Environment Research Council, UK Research and Innovation): Documentation and verification of the world extreme wind gust record: 113.3 m s–1 on Barrow Island, Australia, during passage of tropical cyclone Olivia - British Antarctic Survey
- Also: Ocean and Climate - NASA Science
- Also: NOAA / National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center: Derechos FAQ page
- Also: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service JetStream: Derechos
- Also: National Weather Service (NOAA), Weather Forecast Office Louisville, KY: Derecho
- Also: NOAA Storm Prediction Center / National Severe Storms Laboratory (Evans and Doswell, Weather and Forecasting, June 2001): Untitled
- Also: NOAA Institutional Repository (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration); article published by the American Meteo: NOAA Institutional Repository
- Also: NOAA Storm Prediction Center and National Severe Storms Laboratory (Evans and Doswell): Derecho Environments
- Also: American Meteorological Society (Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences), paper by Morris L. Weisman of the National Center: Weisman_1993.pdf
- Also: American Meteorological Society (Monthly Weather Review), hosted by NOAA Storm Prediction Center: Wakimoto1_2006.pdf
- Also: NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL): Damaging Winds Types
- Also: Thunderstorm Types
- Also: National Weather Service (NOAA), Weather Forecast Office Quad Cities, IA/IL: Midwest Derecho - August 10, 2020
- Also: National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office Des Moines, IA (NOAA, US Department of Commerce): August 10, 2020 Derecho
- Also: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Weather Service: The Historic Derecho of June 29, 2012
- Also: NOAA / National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center: Climatology of Derecho Events in the United States
- Also: National Weather Service (NOAA), Houston/Galveston office (ZHU) training page: Air pressure and wind
- Also: University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (ATOC 3050 lecture notes, J. Cassano): Microsoft Word - chapter10.docx
- Also: University of Hawaiʻi (Pressbooks OER, Atmospheric Processes and Phenomena, by Alison Nugent and Shintaro Russell): Chapter 10: Atmospheric Forces and Wind – Atmospheric Processes and Phenomena
- Also: Met Office (National Meteorological Library and Archive): factsheet_11-interpreting-weather-charts_2023pdf
- Also: MIT Weather and Climate Laboratory (course notes for 12.307 by John Marshall, Alan Plumb and Lodovica Illari): swp0001.dvi
- Also: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), U.S. Department of Transportation: Advisory Circular AC 00-6A, Aviation Weather, : AC%2000-6A%20Chap%204-6.pdf
- Also: NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), Hurricane Research Division: Untitled Document
- Also: World Meteorological Organization (WMO): Table_Records_25Jul2025.pdf
- Also: NOAA National Weather Service, Western Region (NWSFO Salt Lake City): ta9811.pdf
- Also: US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station (article published in Atmosphere, MDPI): Observations and predictability of gap winds in the Salmon River Canyon of Central Idaho, USA
- Also: NOAA National Weather Service (NWS JetStream): NWS JetStream - North American Air Masses
- Also: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce: Air Masses
- Also: Met Office (National Meteorological Library and Archive): factsheet_10-air-masses-and-weather-fronts_2023.pdf
- Also: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (National Weather Service): Environmental Temperature Lapse Rates
- Also: NOAA National Weather Service (Houston/Galveston office training material): Microsoft PowerPoint - Ch7.ppt
- Also: University of Arizona, Department of Atmospheric Sciences (ATMO336 course notes): ATMO336 - Fall 2010
- Also: University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences: ATM 100 course notes: Chapter5_AdiabaticProcessesStability.pdf
- Also: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI): Weather History: Chinook Winds of Winter 1982
- Also: NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science): Dust Traverses the Atlantic Ocean - NASA Science
- Also: NASA Earth Observatory (NASA Science): Tracking Dust Across the Atlantic - NASA Science
- Also: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream: Tropical Cyclone Structure
- Also: NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), Hurricane Research Division: TCFAQ A11) What is the 'eye'? How is it formed and maintained? What
- Also: NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), Hurricane Research Division; FAQ entry contributed by : TCFAQ A16) Why do tropical cyclones require 80°F (26.5°C)
- Also: NOAA Ocean Exploration (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration): How does the ocean affect hurricanes? - NOAA Ocean Exploration
- Also: Penn State Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science (METEO 3: Weather Revealed: Introductory Meteorology): Tropical Cyclone Ingredients: Part I
- Also: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (wind.mit.edu lecture notes on tropical cyclones): Physics of Mature Tropical Cyclones, I
- Also: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Atmospheres, Oceans, and Climate (paper by Kerry Emanuel): Microsoft Word - Lilly_KE_ver2.doc
- Also: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), JetStream – NWS online school for weather: Tropical Cyclone Introduction
- Also: NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (hosting a paper published in Weather and Forecasting by the A: Mainellietal.pdf
- Also: NOAA Institutional Repository (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration): NOAA Institutional Repository
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