How Shavkat Mirziyoyev reset his presidential clock to lead Uzbekistan into a new era

Countries & Cities · Published 29 September 2026 Swipe more like this →

In short: Since taking power in 2016, Shavkat Mirziyoyev has transformed Uzbekistan from an isolated state into a globally engaged player. By implementing sweeping economic reforms, closing notorious prisons, and rewriting the constitution, he has reshaped the nation's political landscape, even securing a path to remain in office for years to come.

Shavkat Mirziyoyev assumed the presidency in 2016 following the death of Islam Karimov, having previously served as prime minister for over a decade. His early tenure was marked by a distinct pivot toward liberalization, characterized by the closure of the infamous Jaslyk Prison in 2019 and a concerted effort to attract foreign investment. Analysts have often compared his reformist ambitions to figures like Deng Xiaoping, with some observers labeling his initial period of change an Uzbek Spring.

The administration’s foreign policy has been notably more active than that of his predecessor. Mirziyoyev prioritized regional stability, resolving long-standing border disputes with Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan while hosting major international summits, such as the 2022 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation meeting in Samarkand. He has also pursued cultural diplomacy, showcasing Uzbek heritage at venues like the Louvre, and has engaged in complex geopolitical dialogues, including those with the Taliban regarding water rights from the Amu Darya.

In 2023, Uzbekistan held a constitutional referendum that fundamentally altered the state’s structure, shifting the focus from state-society-individual to individual-society-state. This reform extended presidential terms from five to seven years. Crucially, the amendment reset Mirziyoyev’s term count, allowing him to run for office again despite his previous years in power. Following this change, he won a snap election in July 2023 with 87.05% of the vote. While the government promotes these moves as essential for modernization, international observers have frequently questioned the fairness of the country's electoral processes.

Despite these reforms, the political environment remains tightly controlled. The German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development has noted that the public plays little role in decision-making, and international monitors have historically criticized Uzbek elections for lacking genuine choice. Nevertheless, Mirziyoyev continues to consolidate his influence, with family members holding key roles in the Presidential Administration, ensuring his vision for the country remains central to its future trajectory.

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