Why your home's plumbing might be leaching toxic metal into your glass
In short: Even if your water supply is clean, the pipes connecting your home to the mains can be a hidden source of lead. If your property was built before 1970, you may have lead pipework that dissolves into your drinking water, especially during warmer months.
Lead was historically common in the environment due to its widespread use in paint, petrol, and water pipes. While the use of lead pipes has since been banned, many older properties that have not been modernised likely still contain lead pipework, either underground or inside the building. This poses a risk because lead from these pipes can dissolve into water while it sits stagnant in the plumbing. You can identify these pipes by looking for a dull grey appearance and a swollen joint near the tap. If you scrape the soft metal with a coin, a shiny silver surface will be revealed.
The concentration of lead in your water depends on several variables. The condition of the pipes and how long the water has been standing in them are critical factors. Temperature also plays a role; more lead tends to dissolve during the summer and autumn months. Interestingly, water hardness can act as a natural deterrent, as harder water often forms a protective scale over the pipe surface, potentially reducing lead concentration.
The health implications of lead exposure are significant. It can build up in the body, and exposure should be minimised. Infants and children are particularly vulnerable, as lead can adversely impact mental development and may contribute to behavioural problems. In adults, lead exposure may impair the health of the heart, kidneys, and circulatory system. To mitigate this, water companies often treat water with orthophosphate to significantly reduce the problem. If you suspect lead is present, locate your internal stop tap to inspect the plumbing. Always wear disposable gloves and avoid inhaling any dust during this inspection.
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Sources
- Summary by Intellect · source: How to Safely Treat Water with Lead | Ask This Old House
- Also: Lead in Drinking Water - Drinking Water Inspectorate
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