Can a global economic collapse trigger a state of perpetual warfare?

Can a global economic collapse trigger a state of perpetual warfare?
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In short: In the year 2045, the world is reeling from a catastrophic event known as the Simultaneous Global Default. This disaster wiped out the value of all paper and electronic currency, leaving the world's four largest nations locked in a cycle of endless, sustainable conflict to keep their economies afloat.

Set within the Stand Alone Complex sub-continuity, Ghost in the Shell: SAC 2045 explores a future where the traditional financial order has been shattered. Following the Simultaneous Global Default, the "Big 4" nations have engaged in a state of "Sustainable War," a continuous conflict designed to maintain economic momentum in a post-currency world. In this volatile landscape, Motoko Kusanagi and Batou have transitioned from their usual roles to serve as mercenaries under a group known as GHOST. This instability forces Section 9 to reunite after a conspiracy is uncovered by former Chief Aramaki. Amidst this chaos, the team uses advanced cybernetic enhancements to defuse global hotspots.

The series, an original net animation (ONA) produced by Production I.G and Sola Digital Arts, utilizes 3DCG technology and features character designs by Ilya Kuvshinov. While the premise offers a high-concept look at cybernetic mercenaries and the emergence of "Post Humans," the production faced hurdles. For instance, the English dub was delayed until May 3, 2020, due to production delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Despite the rich lore established by Masamune Shirow's original 1989–91 manga, the series met with critical resistance. Reviewers found the series lacked the visceral mood of its predecessors. On Rotten Tomatoes, the first season holds a 13% approval rating, while the second season sits at 29%. Critics from outlets like Anime News Network and The A.V. Club suggested the series was a weaker entry in the franchise, with some recommending fans return to the original Stand Alone Complex series instead.

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