Why the Madagascar Hissing Cockroach Is Actually a Surprisingly Clean Pet

You Wish You Had Mites Like This Hissing Cockroach | Deep Look · 3:41 · Video: Deep Look · Watch at the source

In short: Most people reach for bug spray at the sight of a cockroach, but the Madagascar hissing cockroach is a different breed. These mellow, three-inch insects are popular pets that don't bite or carry disease. Even better, they come with their own dedicated cleaning crew: a colony of tiny, helpful mites.

The Madagascar hissing cockroach is a far cry from the pests found in a typical kitchen. These insects are slow-moving, mellow creatures that can live for up to five years. Often compared to an old tabby cat, they are docile, non-biting, and disease-free. They are readily available at pet stores or online, typically costing five dollars or less. Their diet consists primarily of fresh vegetables, making them manageable and fascinating companions for those who appreciate the smaller side of nature.

What truly sets these roaches apart is their symbiotic relationship with specialized mites. Far from being harmful, these mites act as a personal cleaning crew for the cockroach. They live, feed, and reproduce exclusively on their host throughout the cockroach's entire life. This partnership is so tightly bound that when the host cockroach dies, the mites do not seek a new home; instead, they typically perish within a few days. This unique biological arrangement helps to prolong the lifespan of the cockroach, proving that not all insects are pests.

Beyond their hygiene habits, these roaches are famous for the sound that gives them their name. They hiss when startled, when sounding an alarm, when trying to attract a mate, or when defending their territory from rival males. While they may seem alien, they share surprising evolutionary ties to other insects; for instance, termites are essentially social roaches. By studying these creatures, researchers at institutions like the UC Davis Bohart Museum of Entomology gain insights into the complex behaviors and adaptations that exist at the very edge of our visible world.

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