Why this Tunisian oasis is known as the Kairouan of the South

Countries & Cities · Published 30 September 2026 Swipe more like this →

In short: Nefta is more than a desert outpost; it is a spiritual bastion. Known as the Land of Palms, this ancient oasis serves as a pilgrimage site for Sufis, housing over 100 marabouts. From its Roman origins to its role as a cinematic backdrop, Nefta remains a unique cultural crossroads.

Located north of the Chott el Djerid, Nefta has long been a vital settlement in the Bled el Djerid region. Historical records from the 9th century, penned by Ya'qubi, identify it as one of four metropolitan cities within the vast palm and olive-rich lands of Castillia. Its strategic importance once made it a premier staging point for trans-Saharan caravans, though the town faced a period of decline starting in the 15th century due to nomadic raids and shifting trade routes.

The town is deeply defined by its spiritual heritage. As a center for Sufism, Nefta hosts over 24 mosques and numerous marabouts—tombs of holy men who were historically revered for their wisdom and ability to mediate tribal conflicts. This tradition, which traces its roots to the 12th century and the teachings of Abu Madian, persists today. Pilgrims travel to the site throughout the year, drawn by the enduring influence of these brotherhoods and the mystical practices that distinguish the region.

Architecturally, Nefta is a study in desert adaptation. The old town, situated on a hill, features closely packed, flat-roofed houses with distinctive Tozeur-style decorations. To combat the harsh sun, many streets are covered by upper-story projections supported by arches, creating shaded tunnels. While the town has ancient roots—including a period as a Roman bishopric—it has also found modern fame as a filming location, notably hosting sets for Star Wars and the 2001 French production La Vérité si je Mens! 2.

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